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Contrats intelligents: étude de différentes technologies et développement d'un démonstrateur

When creating a project on the blockchain, it is important to choose the best suited for your needs. The idea of a project originated this bachelor thesis. The perimeter of this work was to study the functionality and the security of a few important blockchains in order to determine the best one to use for the original idea. The goal was to define some criteria (functional and technical) and to discuss them to select the right blockchain.

These three blockchains have been chosen:

• Ethereum, because it is currently the number one blockchain for smart contract.
• Algorand, for their promising Layer 1 solution
• DFinity, because of their unique take on the new Internet.

Technical criteria are based on the main aspects of a blockchain, which are security, decentralization, and scalability. Their consensus protocol and governance system, which have a direct impact on these aspects, have been studied and compared. To test the functionality of the blockchains, a lottery smart contract has been developed on the three blockchains. The use of randomness is challenging in a distributed ledger, which gives information about the maturity of the development environment.

The results show that Ethereum is the best choice at the current time. However, a lot depends on the maturity of the chain and the fact that scalability is less important for the project. Algorand's network is too young to be considered a viable option in its current state but has a promising solution. If you are willing to take the risk of being part of an evolving blockchain where you can have an impact, I would recommend this blockchain. DFinity, on the other hand, made multiple changes that removes some of the base aspects that constitute a blockchain, and mostly security. This makes it the less interesting blockchain.